“Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe: A Critical Analysis

“Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe, first appeared in 1978 as part of her poetry collection “Side Effects”, captures a poignant, childlike perspective on time, authority, and innocence.

"Half-Past Two" by U.A. Fanthorpe: A Critical Analysis
Introduction: “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe

“Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe, first appeared in 1978 as part of her poetry collection “Side Effects”, captures a poignant, childlike perspective on time, authority, and innocence. It tells the story of a young boy who is punished at school and told to stay in the classroom until “half-past two”—a time he does not understand because, as the poem says, “she hadn’t taught him Time.” This misunderstanding allows him to experience a timeless, dreamlike moment of freedom and sensory discovery, away from adult-imposed schedules. The poem is often featured in textbooks because of its accessible language, subtle irony, and deeper commentary on how children perceive time and authority. Its charm lies in blending humor with insight, using invented phrases like “Gettinguptime” and “TVtime” to reflect the boy’s innocent logic, while subtly critiquing adult forgetfulness and institutional rigidity. Fanthorpe’s clever use of form and voice makes it a powerful classroom piece for exploring themes of childhood, imagination, and the boundaries of structured education.

Text: “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe

Once upon a schooltime

He did Something Very Wrong

(I forget what it was).

And She said he’d done

Something Very Wrong, and must

Stay in the school-room till half-past two.

(Being cross, she’d forgotten

She hadn’t taught him Time.

He was too scared at being wicked to remind her.)

He knew a lot of time: he knew

Gettinguptime, timeyouwereofftime,

Timetogohomenowtime, TVtime,

Timeformykisstime (that was Grantime).

All the important times he knew,

But not half-past two.

He knew the clockface, the little eyes

And two long legs for walking,

But he couldn’t click its language,

So he waited, beyond onceupona,

Out of reach of all the timefors,

And knew he’d escaped for ever

Into the smell of old chrysanthemums on Her desk,

Into the silent noise his hangnail made,

Into the air outside the window, into ever.

And then, My goodness, she said,

Scuttling in, I forgot all about you.

Run along or you’ll be late.

So she slotted him back into schooltime,

And he got home in time for teatime,

Nexttime, notimeforthatnowtime,

But he never forgot how once by not knowing time,

He escaped into the clockless land for ever,

Where time hides tick-less waiting to be born.

Annotations: “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe
Line from PoemSimple ExplanationLiterary Devices
Once upon a schooltimeStarts like a fairytale but set in a school settingAllusion (fairy tale), irony
He did Something Very WrongThe boy did something wrong (not specified)Capitalization (emphasis), ambiguity
(I forget what it was).The speaker doesn’t remember the boy’s mistakeParenthesis (narrator aside), understatement
And She said he’d doneThe teacher accused him of doing something wrongCapitalization (“She” shows authority), third-person tone
Something Very Wrong, and mustEmphasizes the wrongdoing and coming punishmentRepetition, emphasis
Stay in the school-room till half-past two.He is told to stay behind as punishment until 2:30Irony (he doesn’t understand time)
(Being cross, she’d forgottenShe was angry and forgot something importantParenthesis, irony
She hadn’t taught him Time.He doesn’t know how to read a clock because no one taught himPersonification (“Time”), irony
He was too scared at being wicked to remind her.)He was too frightened to speak upTone (fear), irony
He knew a lot of time: he knewHe understood time by daily routinesColloquial tone
Gettinguptime, timeyouwereofftime,He knew times like waking up and going to schoolNeologism (made-up compound words), child’s perspective
Timetogohomenowtime, TVtime,He knew when school ended and TV startedNeologism, relatability
Timeformykisstime (that was Grantime).He remembers affection from his grandmaNeologism, tenderness, parenthesis
All the important times he knew,He understood meaningful times in his own wayRhythm, emphasis
But not half-past two.But he didn’t understand the time on a clockContrast, irony
He knew the clockface, the little eyesHe recognized the clock but misunderstood its partsMetaphor (clock hands = eyes), imagery
And two long legs for walking,He saw the clock hands as legsPersonification, metaphor
But he couldn’t click its language,He didn’t understand how the clock “spoke” timeMetaphor (“language of time”), irony
So he waited, beyond onceupona,He drifted into a dreamy timeless stateAllusion (fairytale), metaphor
Out of reach of all the timefors,He was free from schedules and routinesNeologism, metaphor
And knew he’d escaped for everHe felt he had escaped reality completelyHyperbole, tone of freedom
Into the smell of old chrysanthemums on Her desk,He noticed small, real-world details around himImagery, sensory detail
Into the silent noise his hangnail made,He focused on tiny, imagined soundsOxymoron (“silent noise”), imagery
Into the air outside the window, into ever.His mind wandered out the window, into a timeless placeRepetition, metaphor, imagery
And then, My goodness, she said,The teacher suddenly remembered himDialogue, tone shift
Scuttling in, I forgot all about you.She hurries in, realizing her mistakeWord choice (“scuttling”), irony
Run along or you’ll be late.She sends him back to routineIrony (rushed back into “time”)
So she slotted him back into schooltime,She reinserts him into the system like a puzzle pieceMetaphor (“slotted”), contrast
And he got home in time for teatime,His day resumes like normalRoutine, rhyme
Nexttime, notimeforthatnowtime,The future is full of scheduled times againNeologism, repetition
But he never forgot how once by not knowing time,He remembered how not knowing time gave him freedomIrony, reflection
He escaped into the clockless land for ever,He imagined a timeless worldMetaphor (“clockless land”), fantasy tone
Where time hides tick-less waiting to be born.A poetic image of time not yet existing or controlledPersonification, metaphor, paradox
Literary And Poetic Devices: “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe
DeviceExample from PoemExplanation
Allusion“Once upon a schooltime”References fairytale language to contrast fantasy with real school punishment.
Ambiguity“Something Very Wrong”The action is never specified, creating mystery and focusing on its consequences.
Assonance“He knew a lot of time: he knew”Repetition of vowel sounds creates internal rhythm and musicality.
Capitalization“She”, “Something Very Wrong”Gives symbolic weight or irony to characters or events.
Colloquialism“TVtime”, “Gettinguptime”Informal, childlike phrasing mirrors a young child’s internal language.
Contrast“All the important times he knew / But not half-past two”Opposes meaningful routine to abstract adult time to show misunderstanding.
Enjambment“And knew he’d escaped for ever / Into the smell…”Lines flow into the next to mimic thought and continuous sensory awareness.
Hyperbole“He’d escaped for ever”Exaggerates the boy’s feeling of timeless freedom.
Imagery“Smell of old chrysanthemums on Her desk”Sensory detail brings the scene to life and shows his attention to surroundings.
Irony“She hadn’t taught him Time”Highlights the absurdity of punishing someone for not knowing something.
Metaphor“Two long legs for walking” (clock hands)Child imagines the clock in human terms, showing innocent misunderstanding.
Neologism“timeyouwereofftime”, “notimeforthatnowtime”Invented compound words reflect how children experience time.
Oxymoron“Silent noise his hangnail made”Contradictory phrase emphasizes heightened sensitivity and imagination.
Parenthesis“(I forget what it was)”A side comment from the speaker adds a reflective, casual tone.
Personification“She hadn’t taught him Time”Time is treated like a subject or living concept, giving it human qualities.
Repetition“time…time…time”Emphasizes the central theme and the boy’s obsession with the idea of time.
Rhyme“schooltime / teatime”Soft rhyme links beginning and end, showing circular routine.
RhythmNatural speech-like phrasingMimics the flow of a child’s thoughts and internal storytelling.
Symbolism“Clockless land”Represents freedom, imagination, and timelessness away from adult control.
Tone Shift“And then, My goodness, she said…”Sudden shift from dreamy escape to abrupt adult interruption and routine.
Themes: “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe

1. Theme of Innocence and Childhood Perception
“Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe explores the purity of a child’s mind and how children interpret the world differently from adults. The boy in the poem is punished for doing “Something Very Wrong,” yet he does not understand what it is, nor does he understand the concept of clock time. Instead of numerical time, he measures life through personal experiences like “Gettinguptime,” “TVtime,” and “Timeformykisstime.” These invented terms reflect how children see the world through emotion, routine, and affection rather than structured systems. His inability to tell time highlights his innocent detachment from adult expectations, making his quiet escape into imagination a symbol of childhood purity.


2. Theme of Authority and Miscommunication
“Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe critiques the gap between adult authority and child understanding, especially within institutional settings like school. The teacher, referred to only as “She,” enforces punishment without realizing the child cannot comprehend it. She tells him to stay until “half-past two” but, ironically, “hadn’t taught him Time.” This moment underlines a key failure in adult communication and exposes the blind spots in authority figures who assume knowledge. The capitalized “Something Very Wrong” mocks adult seriousness, while the boy’s silence—”too scared at being wicked to remind her”—reveals how power imbalance silences children. The poem suggests that authority, when detached from empathy, leads to confusion rather than learning.


3. Theme of Time and Timelessness
“Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe presents time not just as a concept, but as a boundary between the adult world and childhood imagination. Because the boy cannot “click its language,” time becomes meaningless, allowing him to enter a dreamlike state “out of reach of all the timefors.” In this moment, the child escapes measured time and experiences timeless being—absorbing sensory details like “the smell of old chrysanthemums” and the “silent noise” of his hangnail. The phrase “clockless land” symbolizes a place of emotional and sensory freedom. This theme challenges the rigid, often oppressive structure of adult timekeeping and celebrates the beauty of unstructured experience.


4. Theme of Memory and Lasting Impact
“Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe reflects on how certain childhood moments, especially those filled with confusion and wonder, remain etched in memory. Although the teacher eventually “forgot all about” the boy, he “never forgot” the feeling of being suspended in a world without time. His experience of timelessness becomes a lifelong memory, standing apart from everyday routines like “schooltime” and “teatime.” The final lines suggest that the boy’s mind briefly opened a window into a deeper, more poetic sense of existence “where time hides tick-less waiting to be born.” This theme emphasizes that seemingly small moments in childhood can leave profound, enduring impressions.


Literary Theories and “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe
Literary TheoryApplication to the PoemReference from Poem
Reader-Response TheoryFocuses on how the reader interprets the child’s innocence and emotional experience through their own perception.The boy’s invented times like “Gettinguptime” and “TVtime” evoke personal memory and subjective understanding.
StructuralismExamines how language and binary oppositions (child vs. adult, time vs. timelessness) structure the poem’s meaning.Contrast between “half-past two” (adult time) and “timeformykisstime” (child logic) structures key oppositions.
Psychoanalytic TheoryExplores the subconscious feelings of fear, repression, and escape in the child’s inner world.The boy is “too scared at being wicked” and escapes into a timeless, dreamy world of imagination and sensation.
Feminist TheoryInvestigates the role of female authority and how gender is subtly presented, especially in institutional power.The teacher, referred to as “She” with capitalisation, represents a dominating female authority figure.

Critical Questions about “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe

1. How does “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe explore the conflict between a child’s world and adult authority?
The poem highlights the disconnect between the structured expectations of adults and the imaginative, emotional understanding of children. The boy is punished for “Something Very Wrong”, but the poem never specifies what the wrongdoing was, which emphasizes how arbitrary adult discipline can feel to a child. The use of capital letters in “Something Very Wrong” mocks the seriousness with which the adult treats the situation, while the child remains confused and scared. He is told to wait until “half-past two”, but as the poem reveals, “she hadn’t taught him Time”. Too frightened to speak up—“He was too scared at being wicked to remind her”—he submits to a punishment he doesn’t understand. This clash between institutional authority and a child’s innocent worldview underscores the poem’s central tension.


2. In what ways does “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe portray time as both structured and abstract?
Time in the poem functions on two levels: as a rigid adult system and as a flexible, emotional concept for the child. The teacher’s instruction—“Stay in the school-room till half-past two”—represents the formal, measurable time adults rely on. However, the boy doesn’t understand clock time; instead, he operates by internal markers like “Gettinguptime,” “TVtime,” and “Timeformykisstime”. These invented phrases show how children measure time by routine and emotional events rather than numbers. When left alone, the boy escapes into a moment outside of structured time: “Into the smell of old chrysanthemums on Her desk, / Into the silent noise his hangnail made”. This timeless state contrasts with the adult world and suggests that for children, time can be sensory, personal, and unbound by ticking clocks.


3. What role does memory play in “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe?
Memory plays a significant role in transforming a small childhood incident into a moment of lifelong emotional impact. Although the teacher quickly forgets the boy—“I forgot all about you”—the child never forgets the experience. The final lines show how the memory lingers: “But he never forgot how once by not knowing time, / He escaped into the clockless land for ever”. The phrase “clockless land” symbolizes a place of pure freedom and imagination, made possible only because of the child’s misunderstanding of time. Through memory, the boy’s quiet punishment becomes something almost magical and transcendent. Fanthorpe shows how children often remember feelings, not facts, and how moments that seem trivial to adults can define a child’s inner world.


4. How does “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe use poetic techniques to reflect a child’s perspective?
Fanthorpe uses a range of poetic devices to convincingly capture the voice and perception of a child. The boy’s invented times, such as “timeyouwereofftime” and “notimeforthatnowtime”, mimic the way children blend words and concepts to express their understanding of the world. These neologisms reflect a playful but sincere attempt to make sense of adult rules. The description of the clock as “little eyes / And two long legs for walking” is a metaphor that reveals how the boy anthropomorphizes the clock, turning something abstract into something relatable. The poem’s free verse form and enjambment allow thoughts to flow naturally, like a child’s unfiltered stream of consciousness. These techniques immerse the reader in the boy’s mind, capturing the confusion, wonder, and quiet liberation he experiences.


Literary Works Similar to “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe
  1. “Hide and Seek” by Vernon Scannell
    Explores childhood innocence and isolation, similar to Fanthorpe’s portrayal of a child left alone and unaware of adult intentions.
  2. “Piano” by D.H. Lawrence
    Reflects on childhood memories with emotional depth, mirroring the nostalgic and sensory recollection in “Half-Past Two.”
  3. “In Mrs Tilscher’s Class” by Carol Ann Duffy
    Captures the transition from childhood to awareness within a school setting, much like Fanthorpe’s school-based reflection on time and authority.
  4. “The Schoolboy” by William Blake
    Critiques formal education from a child’s point of view, aligning with Fanthorpe’s subtle challenge to institutional rigidity.
  5. “Before You Were Mine” by Carol Ann Duffy
    Blends memory, time, and personal reflection, echoing Fanthorpe’s use of remembered moments to explore larger themes of perception and growth.
Representative Quotations of “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe
QuotationContextTheoretical Perspective
“Once upon a schooltime”Opening line; frames the poem like a fairy tale, blending fantasy with real-world schooling.Reader-Response Theory
“Something Very Wrong”Ambiguous phrase used by the teacher; highlights vague adult authority.Post-Structuralism
“She hadn’t taught him Time”Irony of punishing a child for not understanding something never taught.Feminist Theory
“He knew a lot of time: he knew Gettinguptime…”Shows the boy’s personal, emotional understanding of time through invented terms.Structuralism
“But not half-past two”Central conflict; child doesn’t grasp institutional time.Psychoanalytic Theory
“He couldn’t click its language”Metaphor for not understanding the adult code of clocks and schedules.Semiotics
“Out of reach of all the timefors”Symbolizes escape from structured life into imaginative freedom.Romanticism / Reader-Response
“Into the smell of old chrysanthemums on Her desk”Sensory detail of the boy’s moment of heightened awareness.Phenomenology
“I forgot all about you”Adult voice returns abruptly, showing carelessness or obliviousness.Feminist / Psychoanalytic Theory
“He escaped into the clockless land for ever”Describes the boy’s timeless experience as a permanent emotional memory.Memory Studies / Psychoanalysis
Suggested Readings: “Half-Past Two” by U.A. Fanthorpe

📚 1. Book

Title: Neck Verse by U.A. Fanthorpe
Why read it: This is the poetry collection that includes “Half-Past Two”, offering full context within her broader poetic work.
Link (WorldCat entry for library access): https://www.worldcat.org/title/neck-verse/oclc/27222044


🌐 2. Online Source

Title: Half-Past Two Summary & Analysis – LitCharts
Why read it: Offers a clear breakdown of themes, structure, and literary devices, great for quick reference or classroom study.
Link: https://www.litcharts.com/poetry/u-a-fanthorpe/half-past-two


📄 3. Academic Article

Title: Time and Innocence in Fanthorpe’s “Half-Past Two” (via JSTOR or educational database)
Why read it: Provides a critical and scholarly analysis of time, perception, and childhood in Fanthorpe’s work.
Suggested search link (Google Scholar): https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=Time+and+Innocence+in+Fanthorpe+Half-Past+Two


📝 4. Blog Post

Title: Edexcel Poetry Anthology: ‘Half-Past Two’ – Awaken English
Why read it: Offers an in-depth blog-style analysis focused on GCSE/IGCSE learners, with student-friendly commentary.
Link: https://awakenenglish.com/2017/11/14/edexcel-poetry-half-past-two

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