Etymology of Hypophora
Hypophora is a rhetorical device derived from the Greek word “hypophorein,” which means “to bring under.” The term describes a technique used in writing and speaking where a speaker or writer asks a question and then immediately answers it. The term can also be used to describe a scenario where a writer or speaker poses a question to the audience and then provides a response to that question.
Meanings of Hypophora
- Rhetorical Question: A question is asked, often to emphasize a point or introduce a topic, with an immediate answer provided.
- Self-Query: The speaker poses a question to themselves and proceeds to answer it, typically for clarification or emphasis.
- Question-Answer Technique: A rhetorical device where a question is posed and then answered directly by the same person, creating an engaging and informative dialogue.
- Immediate Response: The speaker immediately follows a question with a clear and direct response, offering insight or information.
Hypophora in Grammar
- Noun Usage: “Hypophora” is a noun and can have a plural form, “hypophoras.”
- Definition: As a noun, it refers to the rhetorical device of asking a question and immediately answering it.
- Verb Usage: “Hypophora” can also function as a verb in a sentence.
- Example: For instance, “The speaker hypophorically asked and answered his own questions.”
- Adverb Modification: In this context, “hypophorically” is an adverb that modifies the verb “asked,” which is in the past tense.
- Dual Function: Overall, hypophora can function as both a noun and a verb in English grammar.
Definition of Hypophora
Hypophora is a rhetorical device where a speaker or writer poses a question and then immediately answers it. It is a technique used to engage the audience or reader by addressing anticipated questions and concerns, and it can be effective for conveying complex ideas or emphasizing a point.
Common Examples of Hypophora
- “What is the meaning of life? That is a question that has puzzled philosophers for centuries. But to me, the meaning of life is simple: it is to love and be loved.”
- “Why do we need to learn history? The answer is simple: if we don’t learn from the mistakes of the past, we are doomed to repeat them.”
- “How can we solve the problem of climate change? One solution is to reduce our carbon footprint by using renewable energy sources like solar and wind power.”
- “What is the best way to be successful in business? The key is to work hard, stay focused, and never give up.”
- “What does it take to be a good leader? A good leader is someone who listens, inspires, and leads by example.”
- “Why should we donate to charity? By donating to charity, we can help those in need and make a positive impact on our communities.”
- “What is the best way to stay healthy? Eating a balanced diet, getting enough exercise, and getting plenty of rest are all important factors for maintaining good health.”
- “How can we improve our education system? One solution is to provide more funding for schools and offer better training and support for teachers.”
- “What is the meaning of freedom? Freedom is the ability to live your life without fear or oppression, to express your ideas and beliefs, and to pursue your dreams.”
Literary Examples of Hypophora
| Extract and Reference | Explanation |
| “Who knows what evil lurks in the hearts of men? The Shadow knows!” – Walter B. Gibson’s The Shadow | In this example, the protagonist is asking a rhetorical question to himself, and then immediately answering it. This not only introduces the character but also sets the tone for the story and establishes the Shadow’s enigmatic personality. |
| “What then is time? If no one asks me, I know what it is. If I wish to explain it to him who asks, I do not know.” – St. Augustine’s Confessions | In this example, St. Augustine is reflecting on the nature of time and how difficult it is to define. He poses a question to himself and then admits that he doesn’t know the answer, which highlights the complexity of the topic. |
| “Who are you?” he asked, and the reply came: “The voice of your conscience.” – Leo Tolstoy’s The Death of Ivan Ilyich | In this example, the protagonist faces a mysterious voice he doesn’t recognize. He asks a question to determine the speaker’s identity, and the answer reveals a deeper meaning behind the story’s themes of guilt and morality. |
Suggested Readings
- Forsyth, Mark. The Elements Of Eloquence: How To Turn The Perfect English Phrase. Icon Books Ltd, 2013.
- Lanham, Richard A. A Handlist Of Rhetorical Terms. University of California Press, 1991.
- McGuigan, Brendan. Rhetorical Devices: A Handbook And Activities For Student Writers. Prestwick House Inc, 2011.