Introduction: “The Death of Ivan Ilych”
The novella “The Death of Ivan Ilych” beautifully illustrates Tolstoy’s main philosophical paradigm through the story of Ivan. The statement that his life has been “most simple, most ordinary, and most terrible” suggests that Ivan led a life perceived as good and straightforward. The narrative follows Ivan, initially portrayed as a straightforward and ambitious child, as he pursues a career in law, marries an ordinary girl, yet ultimately faces a terrible death accompanied by mental anguish. What resonates with readers throughout the story is Ivan’s adaptation to changing circumstances to attain societal status through pretense. However, when he encounters similar pretense in others, it inflicts mental torture upon him. Thus, Ivan Ilych’s life, though seemingly straightforward and ordinary, serves as a metaphor for the human condition, highlighting the complexities and contradictions inherent in societal expectations and personal fulfillment.
Life of Ivan in “The Death of Ivan Ilych”
Ivan’s life is depicted as “most simple and most ordinary” (Tolstoy 11) as he diligently studies law, successfully completes school, and secures a respectable job without encountering significant obstacles. He effortlessly assimilates into the legal profession, adopting the manners of his colleagues and establishing new connections, a common experience for many individuals. Ivan’s career progresses steadily, marked by promotions and a commitment to his work, until he experiences a setback when he is passed over for a promotion unjustly, leading him to relocate to St. Petersburg in search of better opportunities. Despite this setback, Ivan manages to secure another good job and receives further promotions, keeping himself occupied with work. However, his life takes a drastic turn when he suddenly falls ill with an unknown ailment.
Doctor in “The Death of Ivan Ilych”
It happens that he consults one doctor after another, but each doctor arrives at a different conclusion about his disease. He receives loads of medicines but still feels the same sharp pain and unpleasant taste in his mouth, even when playing. He finally concludes that he is going to die shortly, which plunges him into mental anguish, especially when he realizes that even Praskovya, along with his friends, is not loyal to him, and that everyone who approaches him is merely pretending sympathy, except for Gerasim, his nurse, “who understood him and pitied him” (75). This makes his life unbearable until his most torturous death. Therefore, this simple yet tragically torturous death seems to symbolize the journey of mankind.
“The Death of Ivan Ilych” as a Metaphor
It serves as a metaphor for humanity, illustrating how every individual desires a good life, status, and a respectable position in society. However, friendships often prove conditional, lasting only as long as they benefit the other party. When these relationships dissolve, so does the friendship, sometimes even blood ties. On one’s deathbed, their significance diminishes, becoming merely a burden to others before departing from this world. This narrative resonates with the universal experience of mankind; Ivan is not an exception. Each person confronts the harsh reality that everyone navigates life towards their own end, leaving individuals feeling disillusioned and anguished.
Conclusion: “The Death of Ivan Ilych”
Ivan Ilyich’s life encapsulates a universal journey: starting from humble beginnings, achieving success in his career, marrying for convenience, and experiencing contentment with promotions. However, his life takes a dark turn when he confronts his mortality and realizes the superficiality of human interactions. His experience serves as a metaphor for the common path of humanity, where individuals face similar trials and revelations.
Works Cited: “The Death of Ivan Ilych”
Tolstoy, Leo. The Death of Ivan Ilych. The University of Adelaide, Australia. 2014.
Relevant Question about “The Death of Ivan Ilych”
- How does “The Death of Ivan Ilych” explore the themes of existential dread and the search for meaning in the face of mortality?
- In what ways does Tolstoy use Ivan Ilych’s journey towards death to critique societal norms and values, particularly regarding the pursuit of wealth, status, and conformity?
- How does Tolstoy employ narrative structure and symbolism in “The Death of Ivan Ilych” to convey the psychological and emotional turmoil experienced by the protagonist as he confronts his impending death?
